Sleep - Weight Loss
Need to change that spare tire around your middle? Well, lack of sleep
will sabotage your best efforts in a dozen different ways. Or maybe you are
someone who feels like you have suddenly packed on some extra pounds
inexplicably. One of the first places to look is the quality and quantity
of time on your pillow.
One of the primary reasons has to do with appetite. Everyone knows how
they get "the munchies" much more frequently when they are tired and there's a
reason for that: your body dramatically alters your hormones to
compensate. For example, one study looked at participants with
ample sleep and then after four hours of sleep. It was no surprise that
they "found that sleep restriction was associated with an 18% decrease in
leptin, a 28% increase in ghrelin, a 24% increase in hunger, and a 23% increase
in appetite". [1] Leptin and gherlin are two of your primary hunger hormones and
sleep shifts both of them in the wrong direction.
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This means your appetite and hunger skyrocket correspondingly and, unless you are
iron-willed, you will end up eating more on little sleep. One 2009 study showed
that those with 5.5 hours sleep ate 22% more in snacks compared with when they
had 8.5 hours of sleep. [2] That's a hefty boost in calories - over 200 on
average - that will pack on the pounds faster than you can say lardbutt.
And a little extra snacking is just the beginning of your endocrinological
nightmare: lack of sleep also lowers your testosteorne and growth hormone
(as I document in my link on Sleep and Testosterone and
Sleep and Growth Hormone).
The ensuing loss of testosterone will likely eventually result
in a loss of muscle and we all know "muscle burns fat". In other words, low
sleep will eventually reset your metabolism in the negative direction.
This is further amplified by the loss in Growth Hormone, which is responsible
for "leaning you out".
Sleep loss will also boost your cortisol levels and cortisol is associated with
the most deadly kind of fat gain: visceral fat. That's the kind of
fat that accumulates around your internal organs and is associated with heart
disease.
Just as deadly is the fact that lack of sleep will also whack your blood sugar
metabolism and make you insulin resistant. Of course, insulin resistance
is part of the deadly (and sexually devastating) Metabolic Syndrome, but it will
also make you fat.
The high insulin levels are deadly because the block the breakdown of fats by
adrenaline and lipase. [3]
Lack of sleep also makes you feel much less like exercising. Your cortisol,
insulin and appetite are all increasing and your testosterone and growth hormone
are decreasing, yet you don't have the energy to help compensate. The
bottom line is that burning the midnight oil is going to pack on the pounds and
those pounds will lead you to extra estrogen, calcified arteries, poor mental
performance and a look of bewilderment as you try to figure out how in the world
you put on all those pounds.
REFERENCES:
1) Annals of Int
Med, 2004, 141:846–850,"Sleep curtailment in healthy young men is associated
with decreased leptin levels, elevated ghrelin levels, and increased hunger and
appetite"
2) Am J Clin Nutr, 2009, 89:126-133, "Sleep curtailment is
accompanied by increased intake of calories from snacks"
3)
Kobe J Med Sciences, 2007, 53:99-106